5 Common Symptoms of Aura

5 Common Symptoms of Aura:

Aura is a set of sensory, motor, or speech disturbances that some people experience before or during a migraine headache. It is most commonly associated with migraine with aura (previously called “classic migraine”). Aura symptoms are typically reversible and last anywhere from a few minutes to an hour, though they can occasionally persist longer.

Common Symptoms of Aura:

Aura symptoms usually develop gradually and can include:

1. Visual Disturbances (most common):
   • Flashing lights or bright spots.
   • Zigzag lines (often described as “fortification spectra”).
   • Blind spots (scotomas) or temporary vision loss.
   • Blurred vision.
2. Sensory Changes:
   • Tingling or numbness, often starting in the fingers or hand and moving up the arm to the face.
   • A “pins and needles” sensation.
3. Speech or Language Difficulties:
   • Trouble finding words or speaking clearly.
   • Slurred speech.
4. Motor Weakness (less common):
   • Temporary weakness or paralysis on one side of the body (this is more specific to hemiplegic migraine).
5. Other Symptoms:
   • Dizziness or vertigo.
   • Confusion or difficulty concentrating.

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Phases of a Migraine with Aura:

1. Prodrome Phase (optional):
   • Occurs hours or days before the headache.
   • Symptoms include mood changes, food cravings, neck stiffness, or increased thirst.
2. Aura Phase:
   • Lasts 5–60 minutes (usually 20–30 minutes).
   • Involves the sensory, visual, or speech disturbances described above.
3. Headache Phase:
   • The migraine headache itself, which can last 4–72 hours.
   • Often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound.
4. Postdrome Phase (optional):
   • After the headache subsides, some people feel drained, confused, or fatigued.

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Causes of Aura:

The exact cause of aura is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to:

• Cortical Spreading Depression (CSD): A wave of electrical activity that spreads across the brain, temporarily disrupting normal brain function.
• Changes in blood flow or neurotransmitter activity in the brain.

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Key Notes:

• Not all migraines involve aura. Migraine without aura is more common.
• Aura symptoms can sometimes occur without a headache (referred to as silent migraine or acephalgic migraine).
• If you experience aura symptoms for the first time, or if they are severe or unusual, consult a healthcare professional to rule out other conditions, such as stroke or seizures.

Aura is a hallmark feature of certain migraine types, and understanding it can help in managing and treating migraines effectively.